Islam
in Focus
Peace TV, 31 July 2009, 16:10
Peace TV is an international satellite television channel, which
describes itself as providing Islamic spiritual 'edutainment'.
Islam in Focus consisted of a public lecture (the Lecture) in
front of an audience, in English, by a religious speaker, Hamood
Ashemaimry.
In the Lecture, entitled How to build a righteous family, the
speaker set out, in his opinion, what the rights are of husbands and
wives, in the context of creating a righteous family from an Islamic
viewpoint.
A complaint objected to part of the Lecture which, it considered,
suggested that it would be permissible for husbands to beat their wives.
During the Lecture, the speaker said the following:
[A husband] should not beat [his wife] first.
He should not beat her face or beat her violently. Many people
misunderstand this, you know, three solution for, you know, evil women
or a evil wife, or wife who is not listen to her husband. You advise
her first; you disregard her in bed; you bring a mediator from her
family – somebody between you to sort the problem. And then if she
doesn't – then you beat her. But beat her – it doesn't mean to break
her ribs. Beat her, tap her on her shoulder. Just let her feel you're
angry. You know the worst thing – even they listen to me, the sisters
– the worst thing for a lady, just disregard her in bed, for one week,
or two. This is a good solution for a quarrel wife. Don't go to
beating first of all. Try this, it works.
Ofcom asked Peace TV for its comments under the following Rules of
the Code:
- Rule 2.3: In applying generally accepted standards broadcasters
must ensure that material which may cause offence must be justified by
the context
- Rule 2.4: Programmes must not include material, which taking into
account the context, condones or glamorises violent, dangerous or
seriously antisocial behaviour and is likely to encourage others to
copy such behaviour.
Ofcom Decision: Breach of Rules
2.3 and 2.4
Ofcom notes that a number of its licensees will broadcast programming
that will derive from a particular religious or spiritual viewpoint, and
that such programming will include advice to followers of particular
faiths as to how to lead their lives. It is therefore unsurprising if at
times such advice might cause offence to different sections of the
audience. Ofcom therefore recognises that it would be an unacceptable
restriction on a broadcaster's freedom of expression to curtail the
transmission of certain views, just because they cause offence.
However, in broadcasting such content, broadcasters must be aware of
the need to ensure compliance with the Code.
In particular, in one segment of the Lecture, the speaker stated that
it is permissible to beat a wife in certain circumstances. Ofcom
considered whether this reference complied with Rules 2.3 and 2.4 of the
Code.
Even though the broadcaster stated that the speaker said that a
husband should only tap his wife on the shoulder and not beat
her face or beat her violently…or break her ribs, Ofcom considers
that the speaker was clear that some form of beating was acceptable – as
a last resort after other tactics had been used to resolve a dispute
with a wife. The passage was clear that a husband could use physical
violence.
Ofcom rejected Peace TV's representations that just because some of
the advice given by the speaker advocated a husband treating his wife
with respect, that it would follow that he would not be advocating
actions to cause a wife any physical harm. The speaker used the verb
beat three times and beating once in the context of a
husband chastising his wife. It considered that the speaker was clear in
his advice, namely, that he was encouraging what could be portrayed as
domestic violence in certain circumstances. Ofcom considers that the
advice given to viewers that it was permissible for a husband to beat
his wife, even if according to the broadcaster it was to be only in
certain circumstances, and undertaken with restraint, would be offensive
to many in the audience.
Further Ofcom considered that this offensive material could not be
justified by the context. This was because of for example: the lack of
any mediating or counteracting views, within the programme, to the
speaker's advocacy of beating; and that, in general, the high likelihood
that many in a UK audience would find any advocacy and support at all of
domestic violence – which is of course potentially criminal under UK law
– to be highly offensive. The programme was therefore in breach of Rule
2.3.
With regard to Rule 2.4, the relevant test is that content must not:
firstly, taking into account the context, condone or otherwise glamorise
violent, dangerous or seriously antisocial behaviour; and secondly, be
likely to encourage others to copy such behaviour. Ofcom considered
these two issues in turn.
Ofcom noted Peace TV's comments that it would not have been possible
for the Lecture to have shown how to build a Righteous Family
(and by extension a Righteous Society and a Peaceful World)
if it had included material that condoned or glamorised violent,
dangerous or seriously antisocial behaviour.
However, Ofcom considered that the stated subject matter and aim of
the Lecture did not obviate the fact that in this case the speaker was
unambiguously advocating a form of violent behaviour i.e. domestic
violence. This and the fact that the Lecture was a serious, religious
lecture aiming to provide spiritual guidance, could not, in Ofcom's
view, give enough contextual justification to suggest the speaker could
not be reasonably portrayed as condoning violent behaviour.
In addition, Ofcom considered that the advice on beating wives within
the Lecture: was delivered in a serious and measured manner by the
speaker; and on a channel specialising in dispensing Islamic spiritual
advice. There was therefore a strong likelihood that such advice could
be construed as likely to encourage others to copy such behaviour.
Given the above, Ofcom considered that the programme was in breach of
Rule 2.4.